在职硕士研究生医学统计学知识掌握现状调查

目的调查本校在职硕士研究生《医学统计学》知识掌握情况,为中医院校在职硕士研究生《医学统计学》教学提供参考。方法采用自制量表对我校2013级在职硕士研究生进行调查。结果在调查的205人中,在职研究生基础统计方法掌握≥75%的比例在50%左右,高级统计方法掌握75%以上的比例在13%左右。结论应加强中医院校在职研究生《医学统计学》的学习,教师应根据每个人的具体情况具体分析。     

Measuring structural-functional correspondence: spatial variability of specialised brain regions after macro-anatomical alignment

The central question of the relationship between structure and function in the human brain is still not well understood. In order to investigate this fundamental relationship we create functional probabilistic maps from a large set of mapping experiments and compare the location of functionally localised regions across subjects using different whole-brain alignment schemes. To avoid the major problems associated with meta-analysis approaches, all subjects are scanned using the same paradigms, the same scanner and the same analysis pipeline. We show that an advanced, curvature driven cortex based alignment (CBA) scheme largely removes macro-anatomical variability across subjects. Remaining variability in the observed spatial location of functional regions, thus, reflects the “true” functional variability, i.e. the quantified variability is a good estimator of the underlying structural-functional correspondence. After localising 13 widely studied functional areas, we found a large variability in the degree to which functional areas respect macro-anatomical boundaries across the cortex. Some areas, such as the frontal eye fields (FEF) are strongly bound to a macro-anatomical location. Fusiform face area (FFA) on the other hand, varies in its location along the length of the fusiform gyrus even though the gyri themselves are well aligned across subjects. Language areas were found to vary greatly across subjects whilst a high degree of overlap was observed in sensory and motor areas. The observed differences in functional variability for different specialised areas suggest that a more complete estimation of the structure-function relationship across the whole cortex requires further empirical studies with an expanded test battery.     

A spatio-temporal filtering approach to denoising of single-trial ERP in rapid image triage

Conventional search for images containing points of interest (POI) in large-volume imagery is costly and sometimes even infeasible. The rapid image triage (RIT) system which is a human cognition guided computer vision technique is potentially a promising solution to the problem. In the RIT procedure, images are sequentially presented to a subject at a high speed. At the instant of observing a POI image, unique POI event-related potentials (ERP) characterized by P300 will be elicited and measured on the scalp. With accurate single-trial detection of such unique ERP, RIT can differentiate POI images from non-POI images. However, like other brain-computer interface systems relying on single-trial detection, RIT suffers from the low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the single-trial ERP. This paper presents a spatio-temporal filtering approach tailored for the denoising of single-trial ERP for RIT. The proposed approach is essentially a non-uniformly delayed spatial Gaussian filter that attempts to suppress the non-event related background electroencephalogram (EEG) and other noises without significantly attenuating the useful ERP signals. The efficacy of the proposed approach is illustrated by both simulation tests and real RIT experiments. In particular, the real RIT experiments on 20 subjects show a statistically significant and meaningful average decrease of 9.8% in RIT classification error rate, compared to that without the proposed approach.     

样本量估计与检验效能分析（七）

所谓两因素析因设计,是指试验中涉及两个试验因素,不同的试验条件数等于两个试验因素的水平数的乘积,即由试验因素的水平全面组合而成。全部受试对象被完全随机地分配到各试验条件组中去。做试验时,全部试验因素同时施加（即无先后顺序之分）;对资料进行统计分析时,试验因素地位平等（即不存在主次之分,也不存在嵌套关系）。本文向读者介绍采用两因素析因设计一元定量资料方差分析处理定量资料时,在试验之前如何估计样本含量与检验效能。     

应用卫生统计学方法优化病案信息学科工作流程的探讨

卫生统计学服务于病案管理主要通过管理过程的统计学设计、管理过程信息的统计分析、管理信息分析的规范反馈和统计学咨询等四个方面发挥专业作用,从而实现病案信息学科工作流程的优化。病案管理过程的统计分析包括原始资料收集、整理和分析三个步骤,统计分析的重点是指标的挖掘分析和整合以及信息反馈。卫生统计方法在病案管理工作中的系统应用,可有效改进工作流程,实现流程的优化。从卫生统计学专业的角度去思考和介入病案管理工作,使病案与统计专业的互相渗透,既可以促进卫生统计学的发展,更是起到对病案信息专业的支撑作用．值得我们更深入地去探讨和实践。     

医院统计工作的思考

在新的形势下,为了充分发挥统计工作在医院管理中的作用,确保医院统计工作在数据利用和统计分析方面提供客观准确的依据并深度影响管理决策的结果,避免出现医院统计工作囿于常规、内容单-僵化而且日渐不被领导重视的现实问题,医院统计除常规工作外,应该在内容上向收治病种难易程度的定量判定,构建环节统计指标体系并参与医疗过程控制,医疗质量的定量评价,丰富统计工作内容等方面拓展延伸。本文分析了其中的难点并提出初步的解决思路以呼吁大家共同关注并着力解决。     

强直性脊柱炎信息采集系统的实现及应用

通过对强直性脊柱炎以及医疗信息系统的调研分析,构建了一个基于Web的强直性脊柱炎信息采集处理软件系统.该系统实现了对强直性脊柱炎患者信息的查询、统计、评分、数据导入导出、用户管理以及药物信息管理等核心功能,可对强直性脊柱炎的发病机制、易感因素以及药物疗效进行深入研究;同时为医务工作者提供了一个良好的研究平台.     

Treating the numbers: HIV/AIDS surveillance, subjectivity, and risk

Using ethnographic data, I focus on how people living with HIV/AIDS in Miami, Florida come to know and govern themselves through quantification and categories of risk, race, and ethnicity. I explore the various levels of surveillance that structure HIV/AIDS prevention programs and highlight how "numerical subjectivities" circulate, how identity and subjectivity become entangled in numerical considerations, and how particular groups of people come to be identified with certain diseases such as HIV/AIDS. By examining the deployment and interpretation of AIDS statistical data among Haitians in Miami, I illustrate how identities, through categories such as "heterosexual" and "high risk groups," circulate, gain traction, and become meaningful for public health institutions and the people they seek to manage.     

Global health business: the production and performativity of statistics in Sierra Leone and Germany

The global push for health statistics and electronic digital health information systems is about more than tracking health incidence and prevalence. It is also experienced on the ground as means to develop and maintain particular norms of health business, knowledge, and decision- and profit-making that are not innocent. Statistics make possible audit and accountability logics that undergird the management of health at a distance and that are increasingly necessary to the business of health. Health statistics are inextricable from their social milieus, yet as business artifacts they operate as if they are freely formed, objectively originated, and accurate. This article explicates health statistics as cultural forms and shows how they have been produced and performed in two very different countries: Sierra Leone and Germany. In both familiar and surprising ways, this article shows how statistics and their pursuit organize and discipline human behavior, constitute subject positions, and reify existing relations of power.